China’s Household Registration System, also known as the hukou 户口 system, is a key marker of contemporary Chinese social structure. The hukou system has gradually become the most vital factor affecting Chinese people’s lives and even fates. Sociologists have sought to measure and analyze the discrimination and inequality created by the Chinese hukou system, but have not generally engaged in philosophical literature concerning fairness, equality and discrimination. This interdisciplinary essay addresses this gap and seeks to bridge sociological and philosophical research concerning discrimination and inequality.