Speaking of mathematics in the western world, the Greeks are considered to have made many contributions to this field, especially in geometry. The contribution of ancient Chinese civilization to mathematics is not as extensively known in the western world. However, these two civilizations gave birth to the same remarkable theorem in the same period, the Pythagorean theorem. In this research paper, I want to prove that the contributions of Chinese mathematics and demonstrate that the development of mathematics in China was on a par with Greek mathematics. By comparing the mathematicians, specific proofs, and different applications of the Pythagorean theorem in the two cultures, we can gain insights into why mathematics in these two cultures developed differently. In particular, we discuss the contributions of Chinese mathematical giants, such as Liu Hui, who were as talented as their Ancient Greek peers. Moreover, we demonstrate that in some fields, such as measurement, the level of Chinese mathematics exceeded that of the Greeks.